Generalization & Rationale Objectives Introductory Activity Lesson Part 1 Language Lesson Part 2 Media Lesson Part 3 The Arts Print Lesson & Worksheets

Lesson 1A - Part 3: The Arts

Teacher Information

Often when people think of Aboriginal art, the first examples that come to mind are moccasins, mukluks, birch bark canoes and totem poles. There is however, a whole milieu of Aboriginal arts and crafts that are rich in tradition and culture. Even everyday items such as clothing can reflect tremendous skill and pride. Ultimately, art is an expression of emotion, and through artistic interpretation many insights into culture and traditions can be unearthed. Although Aboriginal People across Canada have many artistic talents that reflect the diversity of Aboriginal culture, the following lesson plans will focus on the Wood Cree people of Alberta.

The Wood Cree live in the northern areas of Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Ontario. They share their traditional ground with the Ojibwa and Dene peoples.

All Aboriginal People recognize a relationship with nature. All living things are regarded with respect and honour as they are believed to have a soul. Aboriginal People seek to live in harmony and balance with the natural environment. Due to the importance of Mother Earth and all that she provides, Aboriginal artwork is greatly influenced by the environment. Nature both inspires art and provides the raw materials necessary to create.

Allow students to make connections between the past and present. The traditional way of life led by the Woods Cree has obviously affected the way people live today. Therefore, the lesson plans will examine art and influences from the past, as well as the role of contemporary artists.

Traditionally, the Woods Cree people were nomadic hunters who followed the seasons and moved their camps in search of food. Each season provided different gifts and influenced how specific items were made. The Woods Cree, like many Aboriginal groups, shared their history through a method known as oral history. They told stories and legends that reflected important events and lessons that were passed down to future generations. Some stories were even drawn or painted. Items such as woven baskets reflect skill and cultural influences. For instance, baskets made by the Woods Cree were similar in style to those made on the southern prairies. However, they used different materials resulting in a unique finished product. The Woods Cree used limber willow or the birch tree that was easy to bend and be transformed into beautiful baskets.

Students should also recognize that not all Aboriginal People designed or used their artistic talents in the same way. For example, the Peigan Nation, members of the Blackfoot Confederacy, were talented in elaborately adorning clothing and tipis. Beadwork often adorned the front and shoulders of men's shirts. The seams of leggings were covered in beadwork that matched the shirt. Elaborate outfits were often decorated in weasel skins, and eagle feather bonnets were reserved for special occasions. Blackfoot people often dyed porcupine quills red, green or blue, decorating items in geometric patterns.

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